The Tragedy of Global Art Market Investing

The Tragedy of Global Art Market Investing

Let’s pretend for a moment that you are the portfolio manager at a large university endowment, pension fund or insurance company.  You have a very basic problem.  You have a giant pile of money that you need to invest wisely.  You want these investments to not only preserve their purchasing power over many decades, but also provide a reasonable, risk-adjusted return as well.

Unfortunately, this is easier said than done.  Inflation, geo-political troubles, debt defaults and market crashes are all normal occurrences over such a long investment timeframe.  Under normal circumstances, you would hold your institutional portfolio in a mix of stocks, bonds and cash.  And usually, this conventional asset mix would be good enough.

However, we are not living in economically normal times at the present.  Instead, we are living in a time of acutely heightened financial risk.  Most traditional fixed income and equity investments are wildly overvalued.  Even some alternative assets, such as private equity, venture capital and real estate, are trading at unappetizingly high valuations.

Of course, if you are a canny institutional investor, you know there is at least one place you could safely stow some of that massive portfolio: the global art market.  When I’m talking about the art market in this context, I’m referring to much more than just paintings or sculpture.  I’m also including antiques, high-end jewelry, prints, antiquities and objets d’art.  So I’m using a very broad definition of the art market.

Regardless, let’s assume that you want to invest a modest 5% of your institutional portfolio in the global art market.  If you are managing a small endowment or pension fund, this won’t be much of a problem.  A $1 billion total portfolio size would only equal a $50 million art allocation.

But if you happen to be managing a larger pot of money, you’ve got a real problem.  For example, as of 2016, Harvard University had a $34.5 billion endowment.  Yale isn’t far behind, with an endowment of $25.4 billion.  Even lowly Notre Dame University sports a substantial $8.4 billion stash.

In fact, there are fully 89 colleges and universities in the United States that have endowments greater than $1 billion in size.  A modest 5% allocation to the global art market with portfolios this size would absolutely overwhelm the marketplace in short order.

The story is disturbingly similar when looking at pension funds, insurance companies or sovereign wealth funds.  The California Public Employees’ Retirement System, otherwise known as CALPERS, is sitting on a $290 billion nest egg.  The world’s largest sovereign wealth fund, the Norwegian Government Pension Fund, holds around $1 trillion in assets.  The total value of U.S. insurance reserves was an estimated $5.8 trillion in 2015, to say nothing of those held at insurance firms overseas.

Institutional asset managers have a problem as large as their investment portfolios.  There is no way they can collectively place even 1% or 2% of those assets into the global art market without massively driving up prices.  We know this because of a wonderful little publication from The European Fine Art Foundation.

According to this gem of a report, the global art market has a turnover of around $45 billion per year.  That might seem like a lot, but it pales in comparison to the global annual stock market turnover of $100 trillion, which is over 2,000 times greater than the art market’s.  And the global bond market puts the stock market to shame, with an annual volume that is several times higher!

The sad truth is that many institutional investors stick with stocks and bonds for the very simple reason that those markets are large enough to accommodate their oversized portfolios.  But this is a lot like a drunk searching for his lost car keys at night underneath a lamppost because that’s his best chance of finding them.  Traditional portfolio managers buy stocks and bonds and hope against hope that everything will turn out well.  There is definitely an element of wishful thinking at work among institutional investors.

They are scared to make significant portfolio allocations to the global art market because they know the asset class is illiquid, making it very difficult for them to get in and out quickly.  In addition, investing in the high value segment of the art market requires special training and knowledge – skills that traditional asset managers completely lack.  All of this acts as a deterrent, which helps to suppress the price of fine art and antiques relative to traditional asset classes.

But I’m going to tell you a little secret: the relative undervaluation of the global art market will not last forever.  The smart money is already steadily and discreetly building their positions.  Fine antiques and works of art are being systematically accumulated by the wealthy and well-connected.  They are buying now because they know the market is illiquid and that they need to build their tangible asset portfolio now, before the investment merits of these choice assets become common knowledge.

I do have some good news, though.  You don’t have to sit on the sidelines and watch while the smart investors get rich without you.  The small investor is perfectly positioned to participate in the art and antiques market.

Regular people like you and me don’t have to worry about moving the global art market with our bid.  We can easily buy wonderful antiques for $500, $1,000 or $5,000 at a whim, and it will immediately have a positive impact on our portfolio positioning.  This is a boon to the small investor, and something that an institutional money manager can only view with jealousy.

 

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The Best Places for Hiding Valuables? Consult the Triangle of Security

The Best Places for Hiding Valuables? Consult the Triangle of Security

Let’s imagine for a moment that we have a stack of $100 bills that we want to stash somewhere in a house.  Where is the best possible spot for hiding valuables?  And, by the same token, what are the worst possible places to hide valuables?

Let’s start by discussing the places we should avoid squirreling away our mythical $100 bills at all costs.  First up is just about anywhere in the master bedroom.  Many people feel safer when hiding valuables in the master bedroom, where they are close by when you sleep.  But this psychological reasoning is misleading.

In reality, the master bedroom is the first place any competent thief will check for goodies.  The dresser drawers will be emptied onto the floor.  The nightstands will be rifled through.  Anything under the bed (or mattress) will easily be discovered.  Closets will be thoroughly ransacked.  Even your dirty laundry hamper will be violated!  Nothing in the master bedroom will be left untouched.

The bathroom, particularly the master bathroom, is another place not to stash your treasures.  This wasn’t always the case.  For example, the toilet tank used to be an unusual and crafty spot for hiding valuables (after putting them in a waterproof zip-lock bag or Tupperware container first, of course).

But then the prescription drug boom hit.  Doctors began prescribing excessive amounts of opioid-based pain medications in the 1990s, like OxyContin, Vicodin and Percocet.  Opioid-based medications are highly addictive, resulting in massive numbers of people getting hooked.  And people who are hooked on opioids will do anything to get their next high.

This means that your bathrooms are now prime locations for enterprising burglars, many of whom are looking to score their next fix.  The medicine cabinet will be thoroughly looted.  It is quite possible that every single pill bottle will be checked out, just to make sure there isn’t something worthwhile inside.  And don’t expect the bathroom vanity or toilet tank to escape unwanted attention either.  Burglars have caught onto those old tricks by now.

The kitchen is another place for hiding valuables that isn’t nearly as good as it once was.  Wrapping up our theoretical wad of $100 bills in aluminum foil and sequestering it in the freezer is a classic example.  Burglars know about this hiding place.  It’s the same thing with dumping valuables into an empty coffee can or other food container.  Today’s burglars spend a surprising amount of time pillaging the kitchen.  They have even been known to take the time to make themselves a sandwich from your fridge!

Basically, if you’re hiding valuables in your kitchen and anything looks even the least bit out of place at all, a burglar will check it out.  In addition to burglary, there is always the risk that a family member will accidentally throw out your valuables, not realizing what they are!  This nightmare scenario has happened to well-meaning people before, and will undoubtedly happen again.

Now that we’ve covered the worst places for hiding valuables, what about the best places to stash your treasures?  I think that in order to answer this question we need to understand the Triangle of Security.  As the graphic at the top of this article illustrates, the Triangle of Security has three points: security, concealment and convenience.

Security is the difficulty of accessing an item.  A high-security safe that has been bolted to the floor is a great example of good security.  Even if a thief knows exactly where this safe is located, it would still take him a long time to break into it.  Good quality door and window locks also fall under the security category, as do alarms and security cameras.

Convenience is the ease with which an item can be accessed.  For instance, it would be very convenient to hide our stack of $100 bills in a sock drawer.  We could easily get to the money at anytime with no trouble at all.  But then again, so could just about anyone else!

Concealment is how well hidden an item is.  If we were to make a hidden compartment in-between the wooden joists in our attic, it would be very difficult to find.  It would be highly unlikely that a thief would take the time to scour such a remote and unusual place for valuables.

Now here is the big secret to hiding valuables in your home: the three parameters of the Triangle of Security – security, convenience and concealment – are somewhat mutually exclusive.  It is possible to attain any two points in the Triangle of Security, but the third will always remain elusive.  In other words, if you want your valuables to be conveniently accessible, it usually means you have to sacrifice either concealment or security.  Likewise, excellent security usually means that either convenience or concealment is lost to some extent.  The same rule holds true for concealment.

So I think it is important to consult the Triangle of Security and decide which criterion is most (or least) important to you.  If you’re hiding valuables that you don’t intend to access every day, then it might be alright to give up some convenience.  In this case, a high-security floor safe installed into the concrete slab in your basement might be the way to go.  Floor safes are easy to conceal (not many burglars take the time to explore the basement) and very secure.  But you have to get on your hands and knees to use them, so they are not very easy to access.

If you’re shooting for maximum concealment, there are hollow books, false wall outlets, air vents and even hiding spots carved into door frames!  These are generally going to be fairly convenient to use, but don’t believe for a moment that they are secure.  If word somehow gets out that your leather-bound edition of Moby Dick is actually your weed stash, then you can expect it to disappear in short order!

If you want maximum convenience, a TL-30 rated burglary safe with a digital lock in a master bedroom closet would be very easy to access.  It would also be very secure, provided it was properly installed.  It could even have great fire resistance.  But a large, high-security safe would be almost impossible to camouflage convincingly.

Of course, it is possible to somewhat balance security, concealment and convenience when hiding valuables.  I like wall safes for this application.  They are fairly easy to conceal in a closet, behind a dummy electrical panel or behind a painting or other wall art.  Models with digital locks can be accessed quickly for maximum convenience.  And if discovered, a wall safe will still provide a fair amount of security against smash-and-grab thieves and other amateur burglars.

 

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Handcrafted Curly Maple & Brazilian Rosewood Jewelry Box

Handcrafted Curly Maple & Brazilian Rosewood Jewelry Box
Photo Credit: Artios

Handcrafted Curly Maple & Brazilian Rosewood Jewelry Box

Asking Price: $565 (price as of 2018; item no longer available)

Pros:

-This luxuriously handcrafted curly maple and Brazilian rosewood jewelry box is adorned with eye-catching abalone and ebony ornamental details.  In addition, the underlying structure of the box is made from solid Honduran Mahogany, which provides an attractive and stable base for the applied exotic hardwood veneers.

-This jewelry box measures 13 inches (32.5 cm) long by 8 inches (20.5 cm) wide by 3.75 inches (9.5 cm) deep.

-The solid brass hardware used in this Brazilian rosewood jewelry box is sourced from either U.S. or U.K. manufacturers to ensure the highest possible quality.

-Brazilian rosewood timber has a rich, deep reddish-brown color that contrasts sharply with its black-marbled grain pattern for a truly striking appearance.  Because of these qualities, Brazilian rosewood is one of the most desirable and expensive tropical hardwoods in the world.

-This Brazilian rosewood jewelry box was made in North Carolina by Michael Kranz, a woodworking artist who spent many years in the high end furniture industry before founding his own company, Artios, Inc.

-Curly maple is a variety of maple timber that is renowned for the subtly striped pattern it exhibits when quartersawn.  Its appearance is so characteristic that it is also known in the woodworking industry as tiger maple or flame maple.  Curly maple is in such high demand from woodworkers that nearly all available material is cut into thin veneer rather than left as standard thickness boards.

-I like to think of myself as a connoisseur of fine hardwood boxes.  And I must say, this Brazilian rosewood jewelry box is among the best of the best.  In fact, I think that Michael Kranz’s pieces may just be the very finest exotic hardwood boxes that I have ever seen.  Absolutely every detail of his woodworking is perfect.

-According to the Artois website, the production run of this superb hardwood box is limited to no more than 250 examples.  A work of art with a limited number of copies will generally be more valuable than one with an unlimited number.

-Although it is advertised as a jewelry box, this exotic hardwood box is quite versatile.  For example, you could store keepsakes, bullion, vintage watches or even rare coins in this woodworking masterpiece.

-Because of its superb materials and impeccable workmanship, I feel that the $565 asking price for this Brazilian rosewood jewelry box is easily justified.

 

Cons:

-There is no way around it; this hardwood jewelry box is expensive!  But it is also among the finest of its type.  I have discovered over the years that it is often better to pay up for the best of the best when dealing with fine art, rather than trying to save a few bucks on lesser quality works.

-Brazilian rosewood (Dalbergia nigra) is an endangered species that is listed in Appendix I of the international CITES treaty.  As a result, rosewood timber can’t be sold, traded or moved across international borders except under exceptional circumstances.  Therefore, this Brazilian rosewood jewelry box (which uses legally-harvested, pre-treaty rosewood) can only be sold and shipped to an address in the United States.

-This jewelry box is made with curly maple and Brazilian rosewood veneers instead of using all solid woods.  But there are a couple mitigating factors.  First, the leather-lined interior tray is constructed from solid curly maple.  Second, Brazilian rosewood is now so rare that loggers are salvaging stumps from trees that were originally harvested decades ago (which is legal because the trees are long dead).  So I see the use of exotic wood veneers in a jewelry box of this caliber as a very minor drawback.

 

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A New Savings Strategy for a Time of Economic Upheaval

A New Savings Strategy for a Time of Economic Upheaval

If you are anything like me, then you are a saver.  You like to squirrel money away for unforeseen expenses or maybe just a rainy day.  You savor the peace of mind that saving gives you – the knowledge that if bad times come, you will be as ready for them as you can be.

There are a lot of different ways that people save.  Some like high yield savings accounts while others swear by U.S. savings bonds.  Money market funds are another popular choice.  A few more sophisticated savers even use Treasury Direct to buy U.S. Treasury bills straight from the government.

All of these savings methods are viable choices, with their individual advantages and disadvantages.  Or at least they used to be viable savings choices.  Unfortunately, over the past 15 years the financial authorities have gone out of their way to make life tough for savers.

The U.S. Federal Reserve (along with every other central bank in existence) has suppressed interest rates, ensuring that savers do not get a fair return on their rainy day fund.  Stocks and bonds aren’t a solution to the savings problem either.  Not only are they far too volatile to be a good savings vehicle, but they are also egregiously overvalued at the moment.  Even the U.S. Treasury has done their part to stick it to savers by systematically changing the terms of U.S. savings bonds to make them less attractive.

That’s why I recently sat down with my wife to have “The Talk”.  The Talk is where I calmly and straightforwardly explained to my wife that in the very near future we will have to start doing some very unconventional things in order to preserve our existing wealth.  The broad equity and fixed income markets are simply not going to be appropriate long term solutions for wealth building.

At the same time we also needed a new savings strategy.  The days of keeping an ever growing stash of cash in a bank savings account is rapidly coming to a close.  This isn’t because I believe massive inflation is imminent.  But, at the same time I fully understand that the days of U.S. dollar hegemony are slowly, tentatively coming to a close.  So dollars are fine for now, but it is wise to plan ahead for the tumultuous financial future that is visible on the horizon.

After all, you don’t want to be racing all the other late-comers for the few remaining good assets when everything begins to unwind financially.  Also, investment diversification is, generally speaking, a good thing – a dictum that applies to savings diversification as well.  I don’t want to be a slave to my U.S. dollar holdings.

So what exactly does my new savings strategy look like?  I have just three words: gold and silver.  In one sense, this is not a particularly groundbreaking savings strategy.  In fact, it is quite the opposite.

Gold and silver have been considered money for thousands of years.  The flourishing trade of the ancient Greek economy was based on the silver drachm, a coin of about 4 grams (0.1286 troy ounces).  The medieval Islamic caliphates fueled their extensive trade networks with gold dinars, which also weighed around 4 grams.  More recently, the British pound was the envy of the world before 1931, when each pound could be exchanged for 0.2354 troy ounces (7.32 grams) of pure gold.

These historical examples underscore just how normal it was for strong currencies to be denominated in, or convertible into, gold or silver.  It is really only within the last 50 years that governments definitively broke the link between precious metals and money.  For instance, the U.S. Treasury only stopped exchanging silver certificates for raw silver in 1968.  And President Richard Nixon only suspended the convertibility of U.S. dollars into gold in 1971.

Unfortunately for savers, the outcome of our great monetary experiment with pure fiat currencies has been predictably bad.  Savers have been systematically disadvantaged in order to “save the system” for big businesses and financial speculators.

And that’s why my wife and I had The Talk.  We desperately needed a new savings strategy for the modern era.

So here is my idea.  I plan on converting some of our dollar denominated savings into silver.  Of course, I always like to put a twist on most financial strategies I implement, and my new savings strategy is no different.  Instead of just buying the cheapest silver bullion I can find, I will buy carefully selected hand-poured silver bars.

It has been clear for a while that vintage poured silver bars are one of the hottest categories in the world of antiques.  For example, vintage Engelhard and Johnson Matthey poured silver bars regularly sell for well over their bullion value.

But modern hand-poured silver bars offer an interesting alternative savings strategy.  They not only have low premiums that are only modestly higher than boring struck and extruded silver bars, but also have the potential to appreciate beyond their intrinsic value.  I already documented my very pleasant experience with purchasing a Yeager’s Poured Silver grab bag last year.  I intend to replicate this approach with other poured silver manufacturers.

There is only one major issue with my new savings strategy: psychology.  Most savers have been conditioned to view dollars as savings and spending dollars as dis-savings.  And, under normal circumstances, this would be absolutely true.

But we are no longer living in an age of rationality.  Instead, we are living in a time when central banks nonchalantly monetize trillions of dollars of government debt, crypto-currencies regularly yo-yo between 50% gains and losses in a single 48 hour period and Amazon stock trades at an utterly unhinged P/E ratio of 202.  Against an investment backdrop like this, savers need to start thinking unconventionally.

So here is my take.  U.S. dollars are still savings, but now I consider gold and silver bullion to be savings as well.  Not only is bullion low risk, with little possibility for loss, but it also can’t be printed by central banks on a whim.  And that is exactly what I’m looking for in a savings strategy!

 

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